Discussion on the problem of gear collapse of reduction gearbox and Its Solutions
1、 Gear collapse of reduction gearbox
1. Theoretically, it is because the load borne by the gear exceeds the bending strength of the gear, resulting in tooth breakage. The load borne by the gear is composed of static load and impact load. The static load is generally the load torque, and the impact load is generally the impact force generated by the acceleration and deceleration of the inertia of the part.
2. Example description: hammer nails
We hit the nail into the wood with a hammer in hand. First, we hit the nail with a static load force. The static force is the weight of the hammer and the pressure that can be exerted by the hand. It can be imagined that this nail cannot be driven into the wood. At this time, we hit the nail with an impact load force, and the nail can be easily driven into the wood. From this example, we can know that the impact force is very large. How does the impact force come from?
When the hammer head approaches the nail, its speed is V1. At the moment of contact with the nail, its speed drops rapidly to v2. Since V1 is much greater than V2, it produces a great acceleration A. according to Newton's law, the impact force F = ma, M is the hammer head mass. The greater the hammer head mass, the greater the impact force. The hammer of the same size is made of materials with a large proportion, and its mass is larger. Therefore, the hammer of the same size is more powerful than the aluminum hammer, because the iron ratio is greater than the aluminum ratio.
2、 Solution instruction
1. Because the static load is the load torque, it is difficult to optimize.
2. The dynamic load is the impact force. Refer to the example of hammer nailing nails. According to f = ma, we can adopt the following methods to optimize, reduce the impact force and prevent gear tooth collapse.
(1) The parts adopt light materials instead of heavy materials to reduce M.
(2) Reduce part size, optimize shape and reduce torque inertia.
(3) The frequency converter is used to control the motor start, stop the acceleration and deceleration time, reduce a, and realize slow acceleration and slow deceleration.